The On-Line Encyclopedia of Bongard Problems

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BP557

Equal horizontal length vs. not

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem are pairs of straight line segments.` `This problem communicates the idea of projected distance, in this case from 2D to 1D (x-axis).`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP552 BP553 BP554 BP555 BP556 * BP558 BP559 BP560 BP561 BP562`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, allsorted, stretch, perfect, unorderedpair, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`projection (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`two_segments [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

BP558

Point sequence that is increasing or decreasing in height vs. point sequence that alternates in height

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem are groups of 3 dots.` `Any example where 2 adjacent dots have the same height would be ambiguously sorted.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP553 BP554 BP555 BP556 BP557 * BP559 BP560 BP561 BP562 BP563`
	EXAMPLE	`Reading from right to left in the first box on the left hand side: the 2nd dot is higher than the 1st, and the 3rd is higher than the 2nd, so the sequence of dots is strictly increasing in height.`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, antihuman, orderedtriplet, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`coordinate (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`three_points [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

BP564

Discrete points intersecting boundary of convex hull vs. connected segment intersecting boundary of convex hull

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	COMMENTS	`If a "string" is wound tightly around the shape, does one of its segments lie directly on the shape?` `All examples in this Problem are connected line segments or curves.` `We are taking lines here to be infinitely thin, so that if the boundary of the convex hull intersects the endpoint of a line exactly it is understood that they meet at 1 point.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP559 BP560 BP561 BP562 BP563 * BP565 BP566 BP567 BP568 BP569`
	EXAMPLE	`Imagine wrapping a string around the pointed star. This string would take the shape of the boundary of the star's convex hull (a regular pentagon), and would only touch the star at the end of each of its 5 individual tips, therefore the star belongs on the left.`
	KEYWORD	`hard, nice, allsorted, solved, perfect`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

BP569

Triangular number of dots vs. non-triangular number of dots

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem are groups of black dots.` `The nth triangular number is the sum over the natural numbers from 1 to n, where n > 0. Note: 0 is the 0th triangular number. The first few triangular numbers are 0, 1, 3 (= 1+2) and 6 (= 1+2+3)`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP564 BP565 BP566 BP567 BP568 * BP570 BP571 BP572 BP573 BP574`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, allsorted, notso, number, math, left-narrow, left-null, help, preciseworld`
	WORLD	`dots [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

BP788

Graph contains a "loop" a.k.a. cycle (cyclic) versus graph is acyclic.

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP783 BP784 BP785 BP786 BP787 * BP789 BP790 BP791 BP792 BP793`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, allsorted, math, traditional, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`graph (info \| search),` `distinguishing_crossing_curves (info \| search),` `loop (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`connected_graph [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP805

Bongard Problem sorts example below on the left versus Bongard Problem sorts example below on the right.

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	COMMENTS	`See BP372 for the version of this with BPs with black shapes as examples instead of boxes.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP800 BP801 BP802 BP803 BP804 * BP806 BP807 BP808 BP809 BP810`
	KEYWORD	`nice, dual, handed, leftright, creativeexamples, structure, contributepairs, rules`
	CONCEPT	`bongard_problem (info \| search),` `categorization (info \| search),` `choice (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`boxes_bdimage_six_per_side_extra_below_clear_sort [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP806

Image of repeating wallpaper with only 3-fold rotational symmetries versus image of repeating wallpaper with some other symmetries.

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	COMMENTS	`Left examples have wallpaper symmetry group p3 (a.k.a. 333).`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP801 BP802 BP803 BP804 BP805 * BP807 BP808 BP809 BP810 BP811`
	KEYWORD	`nice, math, bordercontent`
	CONCEPT	`rotational_symmetry (info \| search),` `three (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`wallpaper [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP809

Figures can be transformed into one another by smooth stretching (before and after there are the same crossroad-points; there is a curve connecting points before if and only if there is a curve connecting those points after) vs. not so.

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	COMMENTS	`Left examples are topologically homeomorphic figures.` `For some examples one can imagine pulling the shape "out of" the 2d square in 3d in order to transform it, and then laying it flat back in the 2d square. See BP810 for the version where this is not allowed.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP804 BP805 BP806 BP807 BP808 * BP810 BP811 BP812 BP813 BP814`
	KEYWORD	`nice, math, unorderedpair, traditional`
	CONCEPT	`topological_transformation (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`two_figures_made_of_curves [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (two_homeomorphic_figures_made_of_curves)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP810

Figures can be transformed into one another by smooth stretching (intersection points stay constant; paths connecting those points remain), while remaining within the 2d box vs. movement out of the plane required.

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	CROSSREFS	`All examples here fit left in BP809, a version where the figures are allowed to pass through themselves while being deformed.` `Adjacent-numbered pages: BP805 BP806 BP807 BP808 BP809 * BP811 BP812 BP813 BP814 BP815`
	KEYWORD	`nice, math, unorderedpair, traditional`
	CONCEPT	`topological_transformation (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`two_homeomorphic_figures_made_of_curves [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP811

Archimedean tiling (regular polygons, all vertices look the same) versus two-uniform tiling (regular polygons, two different kinds of vertex).

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP806 BP807 BP808 BP809 BP810 * BP812 BP813 BP814 BP815 BP816`
	KEYWORD	`nice, math`
	CONCEPT	`infinite_plane (info \| search),` `tiling (info \| search),` `symmetry (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`wallpaper_tiling [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

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