The On-Line Encyclopedia of Bongard Problems

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BP1

Empty image vs. non-empty image.

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	COMMENTS	`The first Bongard Problem.` `All examples in this Bongard Problem are line drawings (one or more connected figures made up of curved and non-curved lines).`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: * BP2 BP3 BP4 BP5 BP6`
	EXAMPLE	`A circle fits on the right because it is not nothing.`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, precise, allsorted, unstable, world, left-narrow, left-finite, left-full, left-null, perfect, pixelperfect, finished, traditional, stableworld, deformstable, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`empty (info \| search),` `existence (info \| search),` `zero (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`zoom in left (blank_image) \| zoom in right (curves_drawing)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

BP3

Hollow outline vs. filled in solid.

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Bongard Problem are single simple shapes.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP1 BP2 * BP4 BP5 BP6 BP7 BP8`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, precise, allsorted, world, gap, finished, traditional, preciseworld, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`outlined_filled (info \| search),` `texture (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`outline_or_fill_shape [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (shape_outline) \| zoom in right (fill_shape)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

BP9

Non-wiggly outline vs. wiggly outline.

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	COMMENTS	`"Wiggly" means a high number of small concavities adjacent to one another all around the outline.` `All examples in this Bongard Problem are shape outlines.` `Shapes with outlines that are only wiggly within partial sections would be ambiguous. Shapes with outlines that have many medium-size concavities would be ambiguous.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 216.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP4 BP5 BP6 BP7 BP8 * BP10 BP11 BP12 BP13 BP14`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, fuzzy, stable, world, finished, traditional, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`curve_texture (info \| search),` `texture (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`Multiple options: mediumsize_centered_outline [smaller \| same \| bigger], shape_outline [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

BP11

Thin and elongated vs. compact.

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Bongard Problem are shape outlines.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 217.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP6 BP7 BP8 BP9 BP10 * BP12 BP13 BP14 BP15 BP16`
	KEYWORD	`nice, fuzzy, spectrum, stretch, stable, world, finished, traditional, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`elongated_compact (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`shape_outline [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (elongated_outline)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

BP15

Closed shape outline vs. non-closed curve.

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Bongard Problem are non-self-intersecting curves.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 218.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP10 BP11 BP12 BP13 BP14 * BP16 BP17 BP18 BP19 BP20`
	KEYWORD	`nice, unstable, world, finished, traditional, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`closed_open (info \| search),` `hole (info \| search),` `loop (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`curve_or_outline [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (shape_outline) \| zoom in right (curve)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

BP23

One vs. two figures.

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem comprise one or two shape outlines.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 221.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP18 BP19 BP20 BP21 BP22 * BP24 BP25 BP26 BP27 BP28`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, precise, number, world, gap, finished, traditional, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`number (info \| search),` `one (info \| search),` `two (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`outlines [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (shape_outline) \| zoom in right (two_outlines)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

BP528

Highly iterated fractal vs. fractal after only few iterations.

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP523 BP524 BP525 BP526 BP527 * BP529 BP530 BP531 BP532 BP533`
	KEYWORD	`world, contributepairs`
	CONCEPT	`fractal (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`zoom in left (fractal)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP537

Meta Bongard Problems vs. other Bongard Problems.

BP200	BP501	BP503	BP504	BP506	BP507
BP508	BP509	BP510	BP511	BP512	BP513
BP514	BP515	BP516	BP517	BP518	BP519
BP520	BP521	BP522	BP526	BP534	BP535
BP537	BP539	BP541	BP542	BP544	BP546
BP547	BP549	BP550	BP552	BP553	. . .

	BP1	BP2	BP3	BP4	BP5	BP6
	BP7	BP8	BP9	BP10

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	COMMENTS	`Bongard Problems sorted left have the keyword "meta" on the OEBP.` `Meta Bongard Problems are Bongard Problems that sort Bongard Problems. Sometimes abbreviated MBPs.` `The first meta Bongard Problem was BP200.` `Some meta BP pages sort images of Bongard Problems (keyword miniproblems), while other meta BP pages sort other BP pages (keyword links).`
	CROSSREFS	`BPs that sort meta-BPs are labelled metameta.` `Adjacent-numbered pages: BP532 BP533 BP534 BP535 BP536 * BP538 BP539 BP540 BP541 BP542`
	KEYWORD	`meta (see left/right), links, keyword, world, left-self, sideless, metameta, left-full, feedback`
	CONCEPT	`recursion (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`bp [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (linksbp)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP541

Bongard Problems vs. anything else.

BP1

BP2

BP3

BP4

BP541

BP1073

blllmam

cat

nongard

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	COMMENTS	`This refers to all Bongard Problem solution ideas. No need to be a particularly well-made or well-defined Bongard Problem.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP536 BP537 BP538 BP539 BP540 * BP542 BP543 BP544 BP545 BP546`
	KEYWORD	`notso, meta (see left/right), links, world, left-self, right-null, left-it, feedback`
	WORLD	`everything [smaller \| same] zoom in left (bp)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

BP542

BP Pages on the OEBP vs. anything else.

BP1

BP2

BP3

BP542

BP1073

BP0

nolab

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP537 BP538 BP539 BP540 BP541 * BP543 BP544 BP545 BP546 BP547`
	KEYWORD	`notso, meta (see left/right), links, oebp, world, left-self, right-null, left-it, feedback`
	WORLD	`everything [smaller \| same] zoom in left (bppage)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

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