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BP2 Big vs. small.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

The meaning of "big" left intentionally vague. There are various specific ways to define size, such as diameter, minimum distance between points on edge, and size of smallest bounding circle.

All examples in this Bongard Problem are single simple shapes, either outlines or solid black.

All examples on the same side are approximately the same size.

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP1  *  BP3 BP4 BP5 BP6 BP7

KEYWORD

easy, nice, fuzzy, spectrum, size, stable, finished, traditional, continuous, bongard

CONCEPT size (info | search)

WORLD

outline_or_fill_shape [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP3 Hollow outline vs. filled in solid.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

All examples in this Bongard Problem are single simple shapes.

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP1 BP2  *  BP4 BP5 BP6 BP7 BP8

KEYWORD

easy, nice, precise, allsorted, world, gap, finished, traditional, preciseworld, bongard

CONCEPT outlined_filled (info | search),
texture (info | search)

WORLD

outline_or_fill_shape [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in left (shape_outline) | zoom in right (fill_shape)

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP4 Convex vs. concave.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

All examples in this Problem are outlines of shapes or solid black shapes.

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 215.

CROSSREFS

BP136 is the same solution (flipped) but with only polygonal outlines and also with extraneous dots distracting from the solution.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP1 BP2 BP3  *  BP5 BP6 BP7 BP8 BP9

KEYWORD

easy, nice, precise, unstable, right-narrow, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT concave_convex_angle (info | search)

WORLD

outline_or_fill_shape [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP14 All big individual figures vs. all small individual figures.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

All examples in this Problem show one or more connected figures made up of lines.

Some big shapes and some small shapes would be ambiguous.

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 218.

CROSSREFS

See BP2 for the same idea using one shape.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP9 BP10 BP11 BP12 BP13  *  BP15 BP16 BP17 BP18 BP19

KEYWORD

fuzzy, size, stable, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT all (info | search),
length_line_or_curve (info | search),
size (info | search)

WORLD

curves_drawing [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP15 Closed shape outline vs. non-closed curve.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

All examples in this Bongard Problem are non-self-intersecting curves.

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 218.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP10 BP11 BP12 BP13 BP14  *  BP16 BP17 BP18 BP19 BP20

KEYWORD

nice, unstable, world, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT closed_open (info | search),
hole (info | search),
loop (info | search)

WORLD

curve_or_outline [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in left (shape_outline) | zoom in right (curve)

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP23 One vs. two figures.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

All examples in this Problem comprise one or two shape outlines.

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 221.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP18 BP19 BP20 BP21 BP22  *  BP24 BP25 BP26 BP27 BP28

KEYWORD

easy, nice, precise, number, world, gap, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT number (info | search),
one (info | search),
two (info | search)

WORLD

outlines [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in left (shape_outline) | zoom in right (two_outlines)

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP30 A curve with one self-crossing vs. a curve without a self-crossing.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 223.

CROSSREFS

BP1232 is almost exactly the same, but allowing for multiple curves and multiple self-crossings.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP25 BP26 BP27 BP28 BP29  *  BP31 BP32 BP33 BP34 BP35

KEYWORD

nice, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT x-crossing (info | search),
existence (info | search)

WORLD

crosscurve [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in right (curve_or_outline)

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP50 Vertical axis of symmetry vs. no axis of symmetry.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 230.

CROSSREFS

BP152 is the same solution (with the sides switched), using connected shapes and without black filling.

BP1206 was created to be a slightly different version of this: "vertical axis of symmetry vs. no vertical axis of symmetry." (That less specific solution fits this Bongard Problem as well.)

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP45 BP46 BP47 BP48 BP49  *  BP51 BP52 BP53 BP54 BP55

KEYWORD

nice, stretch, left-narrow, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT symmetry_axis (info | search),
symmetry (info | search)

WORLD

curves_and_fill_shapes_separate_drawing [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP51 Two circles close to each other vs. no two circles close to each other.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 230.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP46 BP47 BP48 BP49 BP50  *  BP52 BP53 BP54 BP55 BP56

KEYWORD

nice, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT near_far (info | search)

WORLD

four_dot_outlines [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP60 Some similar figures vs. no similar figures.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 233.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP55 BP56 BP57 BP58 BP59  *  BP61 BP62 BP63 BP64 BP65

KEYWORD

noisy, finished, traditional, bongard

CONCEPT similar_shape (info | search),
similar (info | search)

WORLD

outlines [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

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