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BP503 "Nice" Bongard Problems vs. Bongard Problems the OEBP does not need more like.
BP1
BP2
BP3
BP4
BP5
BP6
BP7
BP8
BP9
BP11
BP12
BP15
BP16
BP20
BP23
BP30
BP32
BP33
BP50
BP51
BP57
BP59
BP62
BP70
BP71
BP72
BP74
BP76
BP77
BP85
BP97
BP98
BP100
BP106
BP108

. . .

BP213
BP214
BP221
BP231
BP237
BP262
BP538
BP545
BP548
BP555
BP570
BP801
BP862
BP882
BP915
BP920
BP941
BP1000
BP1008
BP1042
BP1043
BP1129
BP1150
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left-sorted Bongard Problems have the keyword "nice" on the OEBP.

Right-sorted Bongard Problems have the keyword "less." They are not necessarily "bad," but we do not want more like them.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP498 BP499 BP500 BP501 BP502  *  BP504 BP505 BP506 BP507 BP508

KEYWORD

subjective, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, oebp, right-finite, left-it, feedback, time

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP508 Bongard Problems with precise definitions vs. Bongard Problems with vague definitions.
BP1
BP3
BP4
BP6
BP13
BP23
BP31
BP67
BP72
BP103
BP104
BP210
BP292
BP312
BP321
BP322
BP324
BP325
BP329
BP334
BP344
BP348
BP367
BP368
BP376
BP384
BP386
BP389
BP390
BP391
BP523
BP527
BP557
BP558
BP559

. . .

BP2
BP9
BP10
BP11
BP12
BP14
BP62
BP119
BP148
BP364
BP393
BP505
BP508
BP509
BP511
BP524
BP571
BP812
BP813
BP847
BP865
BP894
BP895
BP939
BP1002
BP1111
BP1158
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history; show unpublished changes)
COMMENTS

Bongard Problems sorted left have the keyword "precise" on the OEBP.

Bongard Problems sorted right have the keyword "fuzzy" on the OEBP.


In an precise Bongard Problem, any relevant example is either clearly sorted left, clearly sorted right, or clearly not sorted.

(All relevant examples clearly sorted either left or right is the keyword allsorted.)


How can it be decided whether or not a rule is precise? How can it be decided whether or not a rule classifies all "examples that are relevant"? There needs to be another rule to determine which examples the original rule intends to sort. Bongard Problems by design communicate ideas without fixing that context ahead of time. The label "precise" can only mean a Bongard Problem's rule seems precise to people who see it. (This "precise vs. fuzzy" Bongard Problem is fuzzy.)


In an precise "less than ___ vs. greater than ___" Bongard Problem (keyword spectrum), the division between the sides is usually an apparent threshold. For example, there is an intuitive threshold between acute and obtuse angles (see e.g. BP292).


As a rule of thumb, do not consider imperfections of hand drawn images (keyword ignoreimperfections) when deciding whether a Bongard Problem is precise or fuzzy. Just because one can draw a square badly does not mean "triangle vs. quadrilateral" (BP6) should be labelled fuzzy; similar vagueness arises in all hand-drawn Bongard Problems. (For Bongard Problems in which fine subtleties of drawings, including small imperfections, are meant to be considered, use the keyword perfect.)


Sometimes the way a Bongard Problem would sort certain examples is an unsolved problem in mathematics. (See e.g. BP820.) There is a precise criterion that has been used to verify each sorted example fits where it fits (some kind of mathematical proof); however, where some examples fit is still unknown. Whether or not such a Bongard Problem should be labelled "precise" might be debated.

(Technical note: some properties are known to be undecidable, and sometimes the decidability itself is unknown. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_problem .)

(See the keyword proofsrequired.)

One way to resolve this ambiguity is to define "precise" as meaning that once people decide where an example belongs for a reason, they will all agree about it.


Sometimes the class of all examples in a Bongard Problem is imprecise, but, despite that, the rule sorting those examples is precise. Say, for some potential new example, it is unclear whether it should be included in the Bongard Problem at all, but, if it were included, it would be clear where it should be sorted (or that it should be left unsorted). A Bongard Problem like this can still be tagged "precise".

(If all examples are clearly sorted except for some example for which it is unclear whether it belongs to the class of relevant examples, the situation becomes ambiguous.)

On the other hand, sometimes the class of all examples is very clear, with an obvious boundary. (Keyword preciseworld.)


There is a subtle distinction to draw between Bongard Problems that are precise to the people making them and Bongard Problems that are precise to the people solving them. A Bongard Problem (particularly a non-allsorted one) might be labeled "precise" on the OEBP because the description and the listed ambiguous examples explicitly forbid sorting certain border cases; however, someone looking at the Bongard Problem without access to the OEBP page containing the definition would not be aware of this. It may or may not be obvious that certain examples were intentionally left out of the Bongard Problem. A larger collection of examples may make it more clear that a particularly blatant potential border case was left out intentionally.

CROSSREFS

See BP876 for the version with pictures of Bongard Problems instead of links to pages on the OEBP.

See both and neither for specific ways an example can be classified as unsorted in an "precise" Bongard Problem.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP503 BP504 BP505 BP506 BP507  *  BP509 BP510 BP511 BP512 BP513

KEYWORD

fuzzy, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, right-self, sideless

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP512 Abstract Bongard Problems vs. concrete visual Bongard Problems.
BP218
BP331
BP360
BP373
BP378
BP379
BP393
BP512
BP543
BP792
BP793
BP795
BP796
BP797
BP801
BP812
BP813
BP824
BP833
BP839
BP847
BP865
BP869
BP871
BP879
BP880
BP881
BP882
BP894
BP917
BP954
BP955
BP957
BP978
BP987

. . .

BP1
BP322
BP334
BP946
BP1123
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

BPs sorted left are tagged with the keyword "abstract" on the OEBP. The solution is not an easily-checked or concretely-defined geometrical or numerical property in pictures.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP507 BP508 BP509 BP510 BP511  *  BP513 BP514 BP515 BP516 BP517

KEYWORD

abstract, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, left-self, sideless

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP571 Bongard Problems that require mathematical understanding to solve vs. other Bongard Problems.
BP171
BP203
BP319
BP326
BP327
BP333
BP334
BP335
BP339
BP340
BP341
BP344
BP369
BP370
BP378
BP380
BP381
BP382
BP384
BP505
BP560
BP562
BP563
BP569
BP576
BP788
BP790
BP791
BP797
BP801
BP806
BP809
BP810
BP811
BP813

. . .

(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left examples have the keyword "math" on the OEBP.


Although everything is arguably related to math, these BP solutions include content that people don't inherently understand without learning at least some mathematics.


Left examples do not technically have "culturally-dependent" content (keyword culture), but knowledge and previous learning plays a role in how easy they are to solve.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP566 BP567 BP568 BP569 BP570  *  BP572 BP573 BP574 BP575 BP576

KEYWORD

fuzzy, meta (see left/right), links, keyword

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP760 Bongard Problem with solution relating to concept: symmetry (invariance under transformation) vs. Bongard Problem unrelated to this concept.
BP50
BP152
BP172
BP265
BP269
BP342
BP811
BP836
BP847
BP869
BP986
BP1206
BP1207
BP1210
BP1213
BP1215
BP1228
BP1229
BP1230
BP1246
BP1264
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
CROSSREFS

See BP836 for the version with pictures of Bongard Problems instead of links to pages on the OEBP.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP755 BP756 BP757 BP758 BP759  *  BP761 BP762 BP763 BP764 BP765

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, metaconcept, primitive

CONCEPT This MBP is about BPs that feature concept: "symmetry"

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Harry E. Foundalis

BP814 Bongard Problems with solution "object features concept: ___" vs. other BP pages.
BP373
BP543
BP797
BP847
BP869
BP1002
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left examples have the keyword "concept" on the OEBP.

Each concept has a corresponding metaconcept page, which describes that concept and catalogues Bongard Problems featuring that concept.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP809 BP810 BP811 BP812 BP813  *  BP815 BP816 BP817 BP818 BP819

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword

WORLD

bppage [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP837 Bongard Problems in which individual examples may be unclearly sorted (it may be arguable which side they should go on) but many examples together are still able to communicate the solution vs. other Bongard Problems.
BP331
BP359
BP360
BP393
BP801
BP813
BP847
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left examples have the keyword "collective" on the OEBP.


Some Bongard Problems are "collective" in a more extreme way than others. Perhaps there are absolutely no individual examples that anyone would confidently sort on either side, and the solver can only be expected to get a vague gist by seeing them all together. Or perhaps in practice most people agree about where most examples should fit, even though a stretch of an argument could conceivably be made for each one fitting on the other side.


In some collective Bongard Problems, each example admits a number of possible interpretations, and the correct choice of interpretation is only clear once the solution is known. The group of examples together improve the solver's confidence about having understood each individual one right. This is common in rules Bongard Problems), where each example communicates its own rule.


Collective Bongard Problems are borderline invalid Bongard Problems (see https://www.oebp.org/invalid.php ). There is no one rule dividing the sides; the solution is not a method to determine whether an arbitrary example fits left or right. It is a less strict kind of Bongard Problem.

CROSSREFS

Collective implies fuzzy.

Collective Bongard Problems are often abstract".

Subjective Bongard Problems are often collective.


In some Bongard Problems, each example has a corresponding slightly different twin example on the other side (keyword contributepairs), and it is necessary to see both examples together in order to be able to sort either of them. This is related to "collective" but not quite the same. It becomes unambiguous where an example fits once its twin is seen.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP832 BP833 BP834 BP835 BP836  *  BP838 BP839 BP840 BP841 BP842

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP838 Visual Bongard Problems that through many examples build up consistent interpretations of objects (a language of symbolism) vs. other visual Bongard Problems.
BP121
?
BP393
?
BP847
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left-sorted Bongard Problems have the keyword "consistentsymbols" on the OEBP.


A most extreme "consistentsymbols" Bongard Problem is BP121: the solution is about codes consistently symbolizing objects. However, "consistentsymbols" Bongard Problems may have solution unrelated to the symbolism; the symbolism may just be implicit, e.g. always meaning dots as numbers, always meaning stacked dots as fractions, repeatedly using the same simple drawings as shorthand to represent platonic solids. Most BPs have some symbolism in this sense; a Bongard Problem should only be labelled "consistentsymbols" if there is a relatively high amount of varied symbolism, particularly if it is visual symbolism not all people would naturally understand.


A Bongard Problem featuring a real language would be another extreme example of "consistentsymbols".


A Bongard Problem with many varied images meant to be interpreted in unique ways is not necessarily "consistentsymbols," since there is no specific-to-this-Bongard-Problem vocabulary of symbols that must be known to understand it. (Even so, some might say that how people intuitively interpret images is a vocabulary on its own.)


Sometimes, the symbolism isn't an important part of the Bongard Problem, and it just helps make the Bongard Problem easier to read (see the help keyword). For example, a Bongard Problem may include many clumps of dots, and the solution of the Problem may have to do with counting the number of dots in each clump; the Bongard Problem might build up a symbolic context by always arranging each number of dots in a consistent way (e.g. how they conventionally appear on dice faces).

CROSSREFS

"Consistentsymbols" is related to the keyword structure, a format that all examples fit that the solver needs to know how to read. In "consistentsymbols" Bongard Problems, not all examples need to fit a rigid format; instead there may be various smaller structures of meaning that only appear in some examples.


"Consistentsymbols" is related to assumesfamiliarity, BPs that require the solver to take certain assumptions about what the examples are for the solution to seem simple. A "consistentsymbols" Bongard Problem may have a very convoluted solution that involves explaining the meaning of each appearing object; however, the solution can become simple given correct interpretations of all objects. This effect works best when each object must be interpreted the same way across all boxes in order for the simple solution to fit. The comments sections of "consistentsymbols" BP pages on the OEBP ought to explain the symbolism used.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP833 BP834 BP835 BP836 BP837  *  BP839 BP840 BP841 BP842 BP843

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword, wellfounded

WORLD

visualbp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP1198 Bongard Problems with images featuring dithering to simulate shades of gray vs. no gray.
BP193
BP195
BP196
BP225
BP331
BP373
BP393
BP394
BP812
BP813
BP847
BP850
BP1110
BP1175
BP1184
BP1191
BP1197
BP1224
BP1
BP2
BP3
BP4
BP5
BP6
BP7
BP8
BP9
BP10
BP11
BP12
BP13
BP14
BP15
BP16
BP17
BP18
BP19
BP20
BP21
BP22
BP23
BP24
BP25
BP26
BP27
BP28
BP29
BP30
BP31
BP32
BP33
BP34
BP35

. . .

(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Bongard Problems sorted left have the keyword "dithering" on the OEBP.

CROSSREFS

Bongard's original Problems never involved shades of gray. They were just black and white drawings.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP1193 BP1194 BP1195 BP1196 BP1197  *  BP1199 BP1200 BP1201 BP1202 BP1203

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

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