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BP1 Empty image vs. non-empty image.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

The first Bongard Problem.

All examples in this Bongard Problem are line drawings (one or more connected figures made up of curved and non-curved lines).

REFERENCE

M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
  *  BP2 BP3 BP4 BP5 BP6

EXAMPLE

A circle fits on the right because it is not nothing.

KEYWORD

easy, nice, precise, allsorted, unstable, world, left-narrow, left-finite, left-full, left-null, perfect, pixelperfect, finished, traditional, stableworld, deformstable, bongard

CONCEPT empty (info | search),
existence (info | search),
zero (info | search)

WORLD

zoom in left (blank_image) | zoom in right (curves_drawing)

AUTHOR

Mikhail M. Bongard

BP211 More black than white vs. more white than black.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
CROSSREFS

See BP196 for a version of this Problem restricted to uniform textures.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP206 BP207 BP208 BP209 BP210  *  BP212 BP213 BP214 BP215 BP216

KEYWORD

easy, nice, spectrum, dual, blackwhite, unstable, right-null, perfect, pixelperfect, traditional, continuous, viceversa, bordercontent

CONCEPT outlined_filled (info | search),
size (info | search),
texture (info | search)

WORLD

bmp [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in left | zoom in right

AUTHOR

Giuseppe Insana

BP218 Something is missing vs. an extra copy of something is added.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

A generalization of Hofstadter's BP148.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP213 BP214 BP215 BP216 BP217  *  BP219 BP220 BP221 BP222 BP223

KEYWORD

nice, abstract, traditional

CONCEPT missing_part (info | search),
regular_irregular_change (info | search),
extra_part (info | search)

AUTHOR

Giuseppe Insana

BP364 Two clearly separable groups vs. not so.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

An image of this Bongard Problem will fit as a left example for itself.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP359 BP360 BP361 BP362 BP363  *  BP365 BP366 BP367 BP368 BP369

KEYWORD

nice, fuzzy, right-null, traditional, miniworlds

CONCEPT feature_cluster (info | search),
cluster (info | search)

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP966 Even number of white regions vs. odd number of white regions.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

See BP889 for the version in which the background doesn't count.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP961 BP962 BP963 BP964 BP965  *  BP967 BP968 BP969 BP970 BP971

KEYWORD

nice, boundingbox, number, right-null, perfect, pixelperfect, traditional, bordercontent

CONCEPT separated_regions (info | search),
even_odd (info | search)

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP969 Triangle is smallest black shape vs. square is smallest black shape.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP964 BP965 BP966 BP967 BP968  *  BP970 BP971 BP972 BP973 BP974

KEYWORD

stub

CONCEPT size (info | search),
square (info | search),
triangle (info | search),
most (info | search),
quantity_comparison (info | search)

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP970 Triangle is largest black shape vs. circle is largest black shape.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP965 BP966 BP967 BP968 BP969  *  BP971 BP972 BP973 BP974 BP975

KEYWORD

stub

CONCEPT circle (info | search),
size (info | search),
triangle (info | search),
most (info | search),
quantity_comparison (info | search)

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP971 Left half has more black (less white) than right half versus vice versa.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

A similar, but different, solution is "center of mass is on the left half vs. center of mass is on the right half."

CROSSREFS

See BP972 for the version with examples rotated a quarter-turn.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP966 BP967 BP968 BP969 BP970  *  BP972 BP973 BP974 BP975 BP976

KEYWORD

nice, precise, spectrum, dual, handed, leftright, rotate, boundingbox, blackwhite, traditional, viceversa, absoluteposition, bordercontent

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP977 Two of the same object are enclosed in the same space (there is a path between them) vs. not so.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

An "object" is everything within some black boundary.

CROSSREFS

See BP1071 for a version with only squares and with infinite nesting allowed.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP972 BP973 BP974 BP975 BP976  *  BP978 BP979 BP980 BP981 BP982

KEYWORD

nice, precise, allsorted, creativeexamples, traditional

CONCEPT separated_regions (info | search),
identical (info | search),
recursion (info | search),
imagined_line_or_curve (info | search),
same_shape (info | search),
same (info | search)

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP1022 Nesting vs. no nesting.
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
CROSSREFS

See BP1061 for a version of this with only squares and which allows infinite nesting.

See BP71 for a Problem about counting levels of nesting.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP1017 BP1018 BP1019 BP1020 BP1021  *  BP1023 BP1024 BP1025 BP1026 BP1027

KEYWORD

easy, nice, precise, allsorted, traditional

CONCEPT recursion_number (info | search),
separated_regions (info | search),
inside (info | search),
recursion (info | search)

WORLD

varied_thickness_curves_drawing [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

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