The On-Line Encyclopedia of Bongard Problems

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The letter A vs. the letter Б.

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	COMMENTS	`This is the final problem in Bongard's original collection. It is the only member of the collection that makes reference to human culture. This can be interpreted symbolically as foreshadowing that computers will be able to perform the various tasks that humans can do.` `Another idea introduced by this Bongard Problem is that a Bongard Problem can teach its solution to the solver. (See keyword teach.) A large pool of examples can be used for training, as is common in machine learning.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 247.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP95 BP96 BP97 BP98 BP99 * BP101 BP102 BP103 BP104 BP105`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, teach, arbitrary, anticomputer, culture, finished, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`specific_shape (info \| search),` `specificity (info \| search)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

Smiley face vs. not a smiley face.

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP209 BP210 BP211 BP212 BP213 * BP215 BP216 BP217 BP218 BP219`
	KEYWORD	`less, culture`
	CONCEPT	`specific_style (info \| search),` `specificity (info \| search)`
	AUTHOR	`Giuseppe Insana`

Upper central line APPEARS shorter than lower central line vs. upper central line APPEARS longer than lower central line.

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP232 BP233 BP234 BP235 BP236 * BP238 BP239 BP240 BP241 BP242`
	KEYWORD	`less, anticomputer, subjective, culture, invalid, traditional`
	CONCEPT	`length_line_or_curve (info \| search),` `visual_illusion (info \| search)`
	AUTHOR	`Peter Shanahan`

Solution for this problem (BP545) in English text vs. not.

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	COMMENTS	`This Problem admits multiple solutions besides "Solution for this problem in English text vs. not so," some of which are listed as the left examples. Some do not depend on the English language, so this Problem is technically "solvable" without the relevant cultural information.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP540 BP541 BP542 BP543 BP544 * BP546 BP547 BP548 BP549 BP550`
	KEYWORD	`less, notso, culture, finished, invalid, experimental, funny`
	CONCEPT	`recursion (info \| search),` `self-reference (info \| search)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Black and white photograph versus drawing.

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	COMMENTS	`Although the images here are related to culture (BP521^left), the solution of this Bongard Problem is about the visual style of the images.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP550 BP551 BP552 BP553 BP554 * BP556 BP557 BP558 BP559 BP560`
	KEYWORD	`less, culture, experimental`
	WORLD	`zoom in left (black_and_white_photograph)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Cars vs. no cars

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	COMMENTS	`Based on Google reCaptcha human verification checks.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP839 BP840 BP841 BP842 BP843 * BP845 BP846 BP847 BP848 BP849`
	KEYWORD	`nice, teach, anticomputer, culture, color, experimental, funny`
	WORLD	`color_street_photograph [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Cameron Fetter`

Human faces vs. other images.

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP857 BP858 BP859 BP860 BP861 * BP863 BP864 BP865 BP866 BP867`
	KEYWORD	`less, teach, anticomputer, culture, experimental`
	WORLD	`black_and_white_photograph [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (black_and_white_face_photograph)`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

Vaguely positive vs. vaguely negative

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	COMMENTS	`Requires cultural knowledge, e.g. for specific warning symbols`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP877 BP878 BP879 BP880 BP881 * BP883 BP884 BP885 BP886 BP887`
	KEYWORD	`easy, less, abstract, spectrum, anticomputer, subjective, culture, invalid`
	AUTHOR	`Thomas Joyce`

Amusing Bongard Problems vs. other Bongard Problems

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	COMMENTS	`Left examples have the keyword "funny" on the OEBP.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP995 BP996 BP997 BP998 BP999 * BP1001 BP1002 BP1003 BP1004 BP1005`
	KEYWORD	`less, subjective, culture, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, left-self, left-it, feedback, funny`
	WORLD	`bp [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Top piece can slide into bottom area in such that there is an unbroken black horizontal region vs. not so.

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	COMMENTS	`Successful moves in Tetris.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP1085 BP1086 BP1087 BP1088 BP1089 * BP1091 BP1092 BP1093 BP1094 BP1095`
	KEYWORD	`precise, teach, culture, pixelperfect`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

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