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BP508 Bongard Problems with precise definitions vs. Bongard Problems with vague definitions.
BP1
BP3
BP4
BP6
BP13
BP23
BP31
BP67
BP72
BP103
BP104
BP210
BP292
BP312
BP321
BP322
BP324
BP325
BP329
BP334
BP344
BP348
BP367
BP368
BP376
BP384
BP386
BP389
BP390
BP391
BP523
BP527
BP557
BP558
BP559

. . .

BP2
BP9
BP10
BP11
BP12
BP14
BP62
BP119
BP148
BP364
BP393
BP505
BP508
BP509
BP511
BP524
BP571
BP813
BP847
BP865
BP894
BP895
BP939
BP1002
BP1111
BP1158
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Bongard Problems sorted left have the keyword "precise" on the OEBP.

Bongard Problems sorted right have the keyword "fuzzy" on the OEBP.


In an precise Bongard Problem, any relevant example is either clearly sorted left, clearly sorted right, or clearly not sorted.

(All relevant examples clearly sorted either left or right is the keyword allsorted.)


How can it be decided whether or not a rule is precise? How can it be decided whether or not a rule classifies all "examples that are relevant"? There needs to be another rule to determine which examples the original rule intends to sort. Bongard Problems by design communicate ideas without fixing that context ahead of time. The label "precise" can only mean a Bongard Problem's rule seems precise to people who see it. (This "precise vs. fuzzy" Bongard Problem is fuzzy.)


In an precise "less than ___ vs. greater than ___" Bongard Problem (keyword spectrum), the division between the sides is usually an apparent threshold. For example, there is an intuitive threshold between acute and obtuse angles (see e.g. BP292).


As a rule of thumb, do not consider imperfections of hand drawn images (keyword ignoreimperfections) when deciding whether a Bongard Problem is precise or fuzzy. Just because one can draw a square badly does not mean "triangle vs. quadrilateral" (BP6) should be labelled fuzzy; similar vagueness arises in all hand-drawn Bongard Problems. (For Bongard Problems in which fine subtleties of drawings, including small imperfections, are meant to be considered, use the keyword perfect.)


Sometimes the way a Bongard Problem would sort certain examples is an unsolved problem in mathematics. (See e.g. BP820.) There is a precise criterion that has been used to verify each sorted example fits where it fits (some kind of mathematical proof); however, where some examples fit is still unknown. Whether or not such a Bongard Problem should be labelled "precise" might be debated.

(Technical note: some properties are known to be undecidable, and sometimes the decidability itself is unknown. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_problem .)

(See the keyword proofsrequired.)

One way to resolve this ambiguity is to define "precise" as meaning that once people decide where an example belongs for a reason, they will all agree about it.


Sometimes the class of all examples in a Bongard Problem is imprecise, but, despite that, the rule sorting those examples is precise. Say, for some potential new example, it is unclear whether it should be included in the Bongard Problem at all, but, if it were included, it would be clear where it should be sorted (or that it should be left unsorted). A Bongard Problem like this can still be tagged "precise".

(If all examples are clearly sorted except for some example for which it is unclear whether it belongs to the class of relevant examples, the situation becomes ambiguous.)

On the other hand, sometimes the class of all examples is very clear, with an obvious boundary. (Keyword preciseworld.)


There is a subtle distinction to draw between Bongard Problems that are precise to the people making them and Bongard Problems that are precise to the people solving them. A Bongard Problem (particularly a non-allsorted one) might be labeled "precise" on the OEBP because the description and the listed ambiguous examples explicitly forbid sorting certain border cases; however, someone looking at the Bongard Problem without access to the OEBP page containing the definition would not be aware of this. It may or may not be obvious that certain examples were intentionally left out of the Bongard Problem. A larger collection of examples may make it more clear that a particularly blatant potential border case was left out intentionally.

CROSSREFS

See BP876 for the version with pictures of Bongard Problems instead of links to pages on the OEBP.

See both and neither for specific ways an example can be classified as unsorted in an "precise" Bongard Problem.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP503 BP504 BP505 BP506 BP507  *  BP509 BP510 BP511 BP512 BP513

KEYWORD

fuzzy, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, right-self, sideless

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP509 Bongard Problems that sort all relevant examples vs. Bongard Problems that would leave some unsorted.
BP1
BP3
BP31
BP103
BP312
BP321
BP322
BP329
BP334
BP376
BP384
BP386
BP389
BP390
BP527
BP557
BP559
BP560
BP564
BP569
BP576
BP788
BP820
BP856
BP863
BP891
BP897
BP898
BP905
BP922
BP934
BP935
BP937
BP945
BP949

. . .

BP292
BP508
BP509
BP961
BP1073
BP1208
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COMMENTS

Left-sorted Bongard Problems have the keyword "allsorted" on the OEBP.


A Bongard Problem is labelled "allsorted" when the type of thing it sorts is partitioned unambiguously and without exception into two groups.


Similarly to using the precise and fuzzy keywords, calling a Bongard Problem "allsorted" is a subjective/intuitive judgment. The collection of all relevant potential examples is not clearly delineated anywhere.

(Sometimes it's ambiguous whether to consider certain examples that are ambiguously sorted relevant.)


The solution to an "allsorted" Bongard Problem can usually be re-phrased as "___ vs. not so" (see the keyword notso).

But not every "___ vs. not so" Bongard Problem should be labelled "allsorted"; there could be ambiguous border cases in a "___ vs. not so" Bongard Problem.


Bongard Problems in which the two sides are so different that there is no middle ground between them (keyword gap) are sometimes still labelled "allsorted", since the intuitive pool of all relevant examples just amounts to the two unrelated sides. But some "gap" Bongard Problems are not like that; for example sometimes there are more related classes of examples besides the two shown.


Sometimes the class of all examples in a Bongard Problem is imprecise, but, despite that, the rule sorting those examples is precise. Say, for some potential new example, it is unclear whether it should be included in the Bongard Problem at all, but, if it were included, it would be clear where it should be sorted. A Bongard Problem like this can still be tagged "allsorted".

On the other hand, sometimes the class of all examples is very clear, with an obvious boundary. (Keyword preciseworld.)



In deciding where to sort an example, we think about it until we come to a conclusion; an example isn't here considered ambiguous just because someone might have a hard time with it (keyword hardsort).

However, sometimes the way a Bongard Problem would sort certain examples is an unsolved problem in mathematics, and it may be unknown whether there is even a solution. Whether or not such a Bongard Problem should be labelled "allsorted" might be debated.

(See the keyword proofsrequired.)

One way to resolve this ambiguity is to redefine "allsorted" as meaning that once people decide where an example belongs, it will be on one of the two sides, and they will all agree about it.



There is a distinction to be made between a non-"allsorted" Bongard Problem that could be made "allsorted" by making (finitely many) more examples sorted (thereby modifying or clarifying the solution of the Bongard Problem) and one such that this is not possible while maintaining a comparably simple solution. The former kind would often be labelled precise, in particular when these border cases have been explicitly forbidden from being sorted in the Bongard Problem's definition.

For instance, discrete Bongard Problems that are not allsorted usually fall into the former category.

CROSSREFS

See BP875 for the version with pictures of Bongard Problems instead of links to pages on the OEBP.

"Allsorted" implies precise.

"Allsorted" and both are mutually exclusive.

"Allsorted" and neither are mutually exclusive.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP504 BP505 BP506 BP507 BP508  *  BP510 BP511 BP512 BP513 BP514

KEYWORD

fuzzy, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, right-self, sideless, right-it, feedback

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP515 Bongard Problems with a finite number of possible left examples vs. not.
BP1
BP244
BP376
BP385
BP504
BP538
BP795
BP854
BP868
BP902
BP920
BP934
BP959
BP962
BP1056
BP1097
BP1156
BP1219
BP1220
BP1223
BP1197
?
BP1146
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COMMENTS

Left-sorted BPs have the keyword "left-finite" in the OEBP.


How to distinguish between different examples depends on the Bongard Problem. For example, in BPs about little black dots, examples may be considered the same when they have the same number of dots in all the same positions.


Note that this is not just BP516 (right-finite) flipped.

CROSSREFS

"Left-finite" implies left-narrow.

See left-listable, which is about an infinite left side that can be organized into a neverending list versus infinite left side that cannot be organized into a neverending list.


"Left-finite" BPs are typically precise.


See BP1032 for a version that sorts images of Bongard Problems (miniproblems) instead of links, and which only sorts images of Bongard Problems about numbers.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP510 BP511 BP512 BP513 BP514  *  BP516 BP517 BP518 BP519 BP520

KEYWORD

notso, dual, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, side

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in right (bp_infinite_left_examples)

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP516 Bongard Problems with a finite number of possible right examples vs. not.
BP244
BP376
BP503
BP504
BP544
BP795
BP854
BP934
BP959
BP962
BP1056
BP1097
BP1219
BP1223
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left-sorted BPs have the keyword "right-finite" in the OEBP.


BPs are sorted based on how BP515 (left-finite) would sort them were they flipped; see that page for a description.

CROSSREFS

"Right-finite" implies right-narrow.

See right-listable, which is about an infinite right side that can be organized into a neverending list versus infinite right side that cannot be organized into a neverending list.


"Right-finite" BPs are typically precise.


See BP1041 for a version that sorts images of Bongard Problems (miniproblems) instead of links, and which only sorts images of Bongard Problems about numbers.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP511 BP512 BP513 BP514 BP515  *  BP517 BP518 BP519 BP520 BP521

KEYWORD

notso, dual, meta (see left/right), links, keyword, side

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]
zoom in right (bp_infinite_right_examples )

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP534 Bongard Problems such that potential left examples can intuitively be put in bijection with potential right examples vs. other Bongard Problems.
BP7
BP8
BP19
BP36
BP43
BP45
BP54
BP55
BP63
BP64
BP67
BP95
BP106
BP109
BP157
BP158
BP180
BP196
BP197
BP211
BP234
BP278
BP279
BP286
BP313
BP337
BP357
BP363
BP372
BP513
BP514
BP515
BP516
BP517
BP793

. . .

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COMMENTS

This is the keyword "dual" on the OEBP.

Given an example there is some way to "flip sides" by altering it. The left-to-right and right-to-left transformations should be inverses.


It is not required that there only be one such transformation. For example, for many handed Bongard Problem, flipping an example over any axis will reliably switch its sorting.


It is not required that every left example must have its corresponding right example uploaded on the OEBP nor vice versa. See the keyword contributepairs for the BPs the OEBP advises users upload left and right examples for in pairs.

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP529 BP530 BP531 BP532 BP533  *  BP535 BP536 BP537 BP538 BP539

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword, sideless

WORLD

bp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP556 Visual Bongard Problems such that if black and white are switched some examples switch sides vs. visual Bongard Problems that would always sort two switched versions the same way.
BP157
BP196
BP211
BP337
BP859
BP962
BP971
BP972
BP1008
BP1161
BP1249
BP1252
BP170
BP359
BP524
BP1089
BP1093
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COMMENTS

Left-sorted examples have the keyword "blackwhite" on the OEBP.

Right-sorted examples have the keyword "blackwhiteinvariant" on the OEBP.


All examples are visual Bongard Problems that allow black to touch the bounding box (keyword bordercontent).

CROSSREFS

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP551 BP552 BP553 BP554 BP555  *  BP557 BP558 BP559 BP560 BP561

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword, invariance, wellfounded

CONCEPT black_white_inversion (info | search)

WORLD

visualbp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Leo Crabbe

BP567 Visual Bongard Problems that would sort a blank panel on the left vs. visual Bongard Problems that would sort a blank panel on the right.
BP1
BP137
BP384
BP525
BP544
BP569
BP904
BP905
BP915
BP945
BP962
BP1056
BP1219
BP211
BP334
BP364
BP541
BP542
BP902
BP953
BP959
BP966
BP988
BP989
BP1008
BP1080
BP1089
BP1093
BP1108
BP1141
BP1161
BP1220
BP1249
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COMMENTS

Left-sorted BPs have the keyword "left-null" on the OEBP.

Right-sorted BPs have the keyword "right-null" on the OEBP.

CROSSREFS

See BP796 for the version with pictures of Bongard Problems (miniproblems) instead of links to pages on the OEBP.

See BP1160 for the version about an all-black panel instead of all-white.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP562 BP563 BP564 BP565 BP566  *  BP568 BP569 BP570 BP571 BP572

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword, wellfounded

WORLD

visualbp [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP573 BP page intends to include all possible examples fitting left vs. other BP pages.
BP1
BP537
BP854
BP868
BP902
BP920
BP959
BP962
BP1056
BP1156
BP1219
BP1220
BP867
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left-sorted BPs have the keyword "left-full" on the OEBP.


For meta-BPs about solution ideas, left-full only means the BP page hopes to include all fitting BP pages on the OEBP (as opposed to all possible Bongard Problems).


As with applying the keywords left-finite and right-finite, deciding what should count as "different" examples depends on the Bongard Problem.


Note this is not just BP574 (right-full) flipped.


TODO: Maybe this should be changed into two keywords: one for non-meta-BPs and one for meta-BPs. - Aaron David Fairbanks, Feb 11 2021

CROSSREFS

For non-meta BPs, left-full implies left-finite (at least until the OEBP implements a feature that allows algorithmic generation of infinite examples).

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP568 BP569 BP570 BP571 BP572  *  BP574 BP575 BP576 BP577 BP578

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword

WORLD

bppage [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP574 BP page intends to include all possible examples fitting right vs. other BP pages.
BP544
BP854
BP953
BP959
BP962
BP1056
BP1141
BP1219
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left-sorted BPs have the keyword "right-full" on the OEBP.


BPs are sorted based on how BP573 (left-full) would sort them were they flipped; see that page for a description.

CROSSREFS

For non-meta BPs, right-full implies right-finite (at least until the OEBP implements a feature that allows algorithmic generation of infinite examples).

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP569 BP570 BP571 BP572 BP573  *  BP575 BP576 BP577 BP578 BP579

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, keyword

WORLD

bppage [smaller | same | bigger]

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

BP1144 Bongard Problems where making any small change to any sorted example renders the example unsortable vs. other Bongard Problems.
BP859
BP962
BP1104
(edit; present; nest [left/right]; search; history)
COMMENTS

Left-sorted Problems usually have a very specific collection of examples, where the only images sorted all show the same type of object.

CROSSREFS

See unstable vs. stable, which is about examples switching sides upon small changes instead of being rendered unsortable.

See unstableworld vs. stableworld, which is about SOME small change to SOME example making it no longer fit in.

See BP1142 for the version only about additions of detail (no erasures), and with no restriction on them being slight additions.

Adjacent-numbered pages:
BP1139 BP1140 BP1141 BP1142 BP1143  *  BP1145 BP1146 BP1147 BP1148 BP1149

KEYWORD

meta (see left/right), links, problemkiller

AUTHOR

Aaron David Fairbanks

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